Saturday, December 28, 2019

Trail of Tears Forceful Removal of Indians in the US

The forceful removal and exodus of thousands of Native Americans from their lands east of the Mississippi River during the 1830s is often called the Trail of Tears. This removal of Native Americans from their lands was a result of the Indian Removal Act of 1830, which was signed by then-President Andrew Jackson one year into his presidency and which President Martin Van Buren ensured was carried out. When Andrew Jackson became President of the United States in 1829, he based his decision of signing the Indian Removal Act of 1830 into law based on his previous experiences as an Army general, during which he frequently fought against the Creeks in Georgia and the Seminoles in Florida, campaigns that resulted in the transfer of land from Native Americans to white settlers. The Indian Removal Act of 1830 gave the federal government the power to exchange Native-held land in the cotton kingdom east of the Mississippi for land to the West, in the Indian colonization zone that the United States had acquired as part of the Louisiana Purchase. While the Indian Removal Act of 1830 required the fair negotiation of treaties between the federal government and individual Native American nations, and prohibited the President or others from coercing Native Americans from giving up land, these stipulations were frequently ignored. The Native Americans that were forced to abide by the Indian Removal Act of 1830 were the Choctaws, Seminoles, Creeks, Chickasaws, and Cherokees who heldShow MoreRelatedThe Impacts Of A Cherokee Story : Trail Of Tears920 Words   |  4 PagesStory: Trail of Tears One of the major atrocities early in the United States (US) expansion came after President Andrew Jackson approved of and signed the Indian Removal Act in 1830. This document set the foundation for what would be known as the Trail of Tears. The Trail of Tears was the forceful relocation of give main Native American tribes from their eastern lands, to newly established territories located west of the Mississippi River (Dwyer, 2014, p. 33). After researching the Trail of Tears’Read MoreNative Americas And The West Of The Mississippi River1438 Words   |  6 Pagescultivate cotton on Indian Lands, president Jackson and the federal government forced the natives to vacate their homeland and have thousands miles walk to a designated â€Å"Indian territory† which was at the west of the Mississippi river. The journey and the route that they travelled was hindered with many adverse and sometime deadly challenges and it came to be referred to as the trail of tears from the C herokee phrase â€Å"Nunna daul Tsuny† that directly translates into â€Å"The Trail Where They Cried† .Read MoreThe Trail Of Tears : A Dark Period1604 Words   |  7 PagesThe trail of tears was a dark period in US history. Fueled by greed and racism but rationalized through what we believed was best for our country, we took even more from people who had already lost so much. We deemed natives as incompatible with society because they did not share our beliefs and culture. Now in modern times, we face issues that are parallel to this era and there are many things that can and should be learned from our mistakes and generalizations from the past. In the years leadingRead MoreOn How the American Indians Were Removed from Their Land1586 Words   |  7 PagesOne by one Indian peoples were removed to the West. The Delaware, the Ottawa, Shawnee, Pawnee and Potawatomi, the Sauk and Fox, Miami and Kickapoo, the Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek and Seminole. In all some 90 thousand Indians were relocated. The Cherokee were among the last to go. Some reluctantly agreed to move. Others were driven from their homes at bayonet point. Almost two thousands of them died along the route they remembered as the Trail of Tears. For decades, the state of Georgia soughtRead MoreCruel and Inhuman Treatment of Native Americans by the Colonists1494 Words   |  6 Pagesdesire or reason anything but minimal contact with the Indians. However, starting in the 1700s the European colonists population skyrocketed. The need for more resources became evident and the colonists knew they could attain these necessities by creating a relationship of mutual benef it with the Native tribes. The Indians, at first skeptical, however became growingly open to the colonists and the relationship they were looking to attain. Indian furs were traded for colonial goods and military alliancesRead MoreSpeech On Columbus Day1430 Words   |  6 Pagesremember some of the painful events in our nation’s history. To the majority of us, Christopher Columbus was taught by our school teachers to be a hero. Generation after generation, children in the American public school system grow up essentially ignorant of the horrific oppression that has occurred to the original inhabitants of our country. Schools teach lessons about the first thanksgiving with the pilgrims and the Indians, and ensure that students memorize that Columbus founded the New World in 1492--often

Friday, December 20, 2019

The Night - Original Writing - 2143 Words

Gasping for air and pushing an invisible ‘something’ away from her face, Charity sat up with a start and began gulping air into her lungs. It felt as if all her breath was suddenly squished out of her lungs. It was not a scary feeling. She remembered a dark shadow hovering over her, then consuming her, momentarily, smothering her. At first, the shadow radiated love, compassion, and understanding- feelings that returned once she could breathe again. Charity lay there a minute and then got up to pee. As she walked toward the woods, she looked up at the moon- a halo surrounded it, but in the center, there appeared to be the shadow of a man†¦ She stared at the moon a long time, trying to separate the man figure, from the other shadows- he was clear as day, but then he merged with the shadows. A sort of eeriness settled over her, but she continued to the edge of the forest and used the bathroom. When she stood, she felt unbalanced and woozy. What a mysterious feeling this was- it was as if her body was not her own†¦ She had never felt this way before†¦ Even though, she felt odd, it was as if she could see more clearly than ever before. Even in the darkness, she could define each limb, every branch, leaf, even the blades of grass growing from the ground were brilliantly clear to her†¦ She returned to the wagons and stoked up the fire. As it caught and blazed to life, she sat cross-legged and gazed deeply into the flames. Within them, she saw Two Feathers, sitting by his fire justShow MoreRelatedNight Nights - Original Writing845 Words   |  4 Pagesuntil night time. We all would camp out in the living, our parents would tuck us in and then it was off to bed. Sleeping peacefully until one of my cousins woke us all up screaming while she was sleeping. Night after night we had to deal with this. The following year I as well as all of my cousins anticipated the same thing. Peacefully sleeping only to be awaken in the middle of the night by shears of horror. But to all of our surprise my cousin sleep peacefully all the way through the night everyRead MoreThe Night - Original Writing1183 Words   |  5 Pagesfell to the floor convulsing in pain. She was turning and realised that no one could save her. She took her last breath realising she was going to become like hi m. A vampire. Experiencing the final stages of her turning her back arched. That was the night of her transformation. Read MoreThe Night - Original Writing792 Words   |  4 Pagesenlightning. My parents died. I was six years old. They died, because of me. We got in a reasonable argument about Clifford the Big Red Dog, of all things. I stormed out of the house at 8:00 pm. I remember how glistening the stars were that night, how the colors of purple and dark blue collided in the sky and how the moon was full and shined with what seemed like a never-ending light. I just kept running, laughing like the obnoxious six year I was. They ran after me calling my name, I justRead MoreThe Night - Original Writing1528 Words   |  7 PagesAfter a long restless night, Allie had a servant draw a hot bath for her just after daybreak. She stepped in, sat down, and then let her entire body slip beneath the water. She held her nose as she wet her copper locks and soaped her head. She intended to bring the shine back- she did not like the dull creature that stared back at her from the mirror the night before. The hot water was soothing; it felt good on her tired body. After washing, s he lay there and let the warm water soak the tirednessRead MoreThe Night - Original Writing1580 Words   |  7 PagesEverything was beautiful that night. The sky was as clear as the spring water. The weather was so beautiful that we thought that we were not in the summer. I was sitting outside the house in our garden with my parents. We were having a nice chat after a delicious homemade crispy chicken with fries that my mom usually do. Everything was just perfect until my father received the unexpected call. The call that I wished my father didn’t receive. â€Å"Hello†¦what! What are you saying! Calm down I’m comingRead MoreThe Night - Original Writing906 Words   |  4 PagesEvelyn peeked down the hall from her bedroom making sure the light to her parents’ room was off, indicating that they had gone to sleep. When she saw the darkened hallway she knew that her parents had gone down for the night. Her younger sisters, ages 10 and 8, had been put to sleep a couple hours before. There was no one watching. Evelyn tiptoed down the stairs—thank God they were carpeted, which helped shield the noise of her steps—and she grabbed her mom’s car keys carefully exiting the houseRead MoreThe Night - Original Writing1004 Words   |  5 PagesThe crowd filled out of the arena, the buzz and excitement leaving with them. Dark walls echoed the heavy sounds of the metal equipment as it was scraped across the floor by the road crew. In the absence of the band, the crowd and the music, the atmosphere seemed as ble ak and empty as the crowd floor itself. Suddenly, echoes of past joyous screams were replaced by a single, blood curdling scream coming from the direction of the cloakroom. The sound, filled with fear, tore through the arena and bouncedRead MoreThe Night - Original Writing1332 Words   |  6 Pages Waking up to the smell of strawberry jam and toast coming from the kitchen, Dan looks over at his clock to see that it is 7:30. Forcing himself up, he throws on a set of clothes and tiptoed down the stairs to be sure not to wake up Lisa. When he got to the bottom of the stairs, Dan sees both his parents, father at the kitchen table drinking coffee and reading the newspaper, and mother at the counter spreading the jam on the mountain of toast beside her. The quiet morning is comfortable and pleasantRead MoreThe Night - Original Writing723 Words   |  3 PagesDuring the summer you can find the same scene on any Saturday night. I see an elderly man near the entrance setting behind a table covered with stacks of booklets. I can tell he is employed by the park by the dark green polo shirt and tan ball cap he is wearing. Even from a distance I can hear him shout, â€Å"Programs! Get your programs. Three dollars!† As a middle aged man wearing a dark t-shirt and baggy blue jeans wal ks through the door. It becomes obvious that he is experienced with the process.Read MoreThe Night - Original Writing859 Words   |  4 Pagesfriends ran out to see what all the laughing was about. They watched the video and began cracking up too. After, we all went back inside due to the amount of bugs outside. We spent the rest of the night talking and laughing until we all fell asleep at around two in the morning. This was the last night we all spent together before heading off to college. Even though it was in the middle of the summer, life took over and we were all busy on different days. The one way that we were able to keep in contact

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Armed Forces and Challenging Military Situations free essay sample

Following orders is one of the most important things you do being in the Army, or any branch in the armed services, enlisted or reserve. Obedience is what enables the military to operate in an organized and effective manner which is clearly very important during challenging military situations. While many individuals can question the notion of obedience in daily their life, this luxury is often not available to us in the military, where the grand goals and aims require smooth internal functioning and hierarchical coordination throughout the chain of command. Indeed, many of the standards that put up with and endure would be frowned upon outside the military, yet they are essential to our works success within. For example, punishment is never really deemed to be a positive occurrence in an average person’s life, whereas in the military, it is meant to strengthen ones determination and instill discipline. We will write a custom essay sample on Armed Forces and Challenging Military Situations or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It also enables a person to learn and fully take on the importance of following orders in. Not following orders is not an optional choice that we in the armed forces can make upon signing that contract. In fact, the act of the act of disobedience is considered to be an infraction and a person who placed himself in such a situation can find himself facing negative counseling statements, or smoking’s. Thus, respect and obedience is of the utmost significance in the military as it helps maintain the internal structure and enables the military therefore to carry out its operations in confidence. The importance of orders to the military become clearer when it is taken into account that Article 15 punishments are administered without a jury or judge. The military recognizes that respect for authority is what maintains order and prevents the eruption of chaos and is hence willing to set an example for all who might be tempted to oppose their leaders, by administering these punishments

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Mental Health Nursing Translational Psychological Treatment

Questions: 1. Describe the key communication skills you will use in order to engage with her in the interview. 2. There are a number of clinical signs and symptoms in the scenario so far. Identify three significant signs or symptoms and support your clinical opinion with evidence from the scenario. 3. Discuss the education you will need to provide to Sarah about her medication. 4. Her response may suggest that she did not fully grasp the information you were providing. Discuss your clinical plan to address compliance issues that might arise for Sarah. Answers: 1. The young woman gives her name as Sarah. In response to asking why she has attended, she gives a clearly articulated story about a school teacher using radiation to control her thoughts. She describes difficulty getting onto the train to attend school as she feels other passengers can find out what she is thinking. When you ask her how she feels about her situation she says it is very confusing and frightening. In response to the doctor asking if he can help, she says she wants him to make it all stop. Then she was asked what is bothering her. In the reply, she told that one of the teachers is applying radiation on her to control her thoughts. She was asked about her difficulties. She told that she found difficulties in her daily life, like, socialisation, recreation, personal hygiene, family responsibilities, work etc (Kilicaslan et al. 2016). During interview, the author as a nurse has to be very patient. She has to emphasize on the feelings of Sarahs speech, rather than the wor ds. When she will feel that she is listened completely, then she will feel comfortable and open herself. This will help in further assessment. She will be asked when she first experienced this incident. How often she experiences this incident. She was asked what she would do after this incident. Then she will be asked about her family history, her hobbies, her job, her past medical history and her school atmosphere. She will be asked about the teacher, who is doing this type of magic. She will be asked that did she believe in supernatural power or not. The author can also ask about her childhood memories or certain incidents where she felt happy. She will be asked about her daily routine. She will be asked about the teaching profesion.The author can also ask about her idea regarding delusions. 2. Following a basic physical and presenting history the doctor acknowledged the confusion and distress, explaining she is experiencing psychotic symptoms. He seeks Sarahs permission to ring her mother. He also makes an appointment for the next day to see her again. Before leaving, she is provided with a script for 5mgolanzapinenocte. Sarah is feeling very scared when she travelled the train. She feels very isolated when she get scared. These are the symptoms of Delusions. She is not able to function properly in her daily life. She feels hallucinated. She is scared in each situation. It gives the identification that she is undergoing some mental problems (Hu et al. 2015). She found difficulties in her daily life, like, socialisation, recreation, personal hygiene, family responsibilities, work etc. It states het mental status. She is in depression and anxiety because of delusion. During travelling, she is thinking that people are getting to know her thinking. She is losing trust on th e people. This is also a symptom of hallucination. Overall, her health is not proper. She is not getting proper sleep. So she feels drowsy. Her life is being hampered. She is losing confidence. Due to this instability, she is not able to concentrate to her school (Kumar et al. 2013). That is the reason; her job life is also being hampered. It will affect her career. 3. Sarah briefly acknowledges the education you provided to her. However, you noticethat her responses are monosyllabic with a flat tone, and she did not ask any questions. She will be provided with the knowledge that includes the importance of the prescribed therapies. The therapy plan will be clearly discussed to her. Therefore, that she will be not having any confusions. She will be also told about the impacts of the prescribed medicines. Not only, Sarah, but also her family members will be provided with the knowledge. For better understanding, small videos can be shown to her based on those treatments. She will also be provided with the benefits of these treatments (Peters et al. 2014). Many meetings and discussions will be planned for discussing this treatment. She will be provided with the comfort zone so that she can undergo the treatment easily. Communication section may be arranged for her with other patients. She can feel comfort and can share her problems. She will also ge t the knowledge from these types of sessions. She will be given special importance to her diet and medication. She will also be told about the drugs doses and their benefits. Her medical reports will be updated on a regular basis. So that she can keep a track of her health. Once the treatment will start, and when she will see the improvements in her, she will be very much motivated. Dietician will provide her special diet chart. The diets will be taken care of by her family members (Freeman et al. 2016). Above all, she should get motivated that there are no problems in her health. She should get the confidence that she can overcome this easily. 4. The treatment plan for delusional disorders consist of different therapies, like, psychotherapy, speech therapy, behavioral therapy, and drug therapy. It will help to correct mood disturbances and behavior. She also needs the treatment, which is associated with support system. The drugs are same like schizophrenic disorders (Emsley et al. 2016). The drugs for this disorder contain antipsychotic agents. Antipsychotics appear to function by blocking postsynaptic dopamine receptors. Certain psychotic symptoms, like, these drugs to relieve agitation and anxiety reduce delusions and hallucinations. Other psychiatric drugs, like, anxiolytics and antidepressants help to control these symptoms. Some examples of antipsychotics with high-potency are, trifluoperazine, thiothixene, haloperidol, fluphenazine etc. perphenazine, molindone and Loxapine are intermediate in potency and thioridazine and chlorpromazine are low potent agents. She cannot be hospitalized at any cost, as she is already v ery scared. If needed, then she will be treated in her own home. In behavioral therapy, the treatments will be planned through many sittings. The therapy will be conducted with doctors, nurses, and also in the presence of family members (Kohut, 2013). In psychotherapy, psychiatrist will take the session and different psychology assessments will be conducted. It is very important to build the trust between patient nd the experts. This therapy will be continued until she will lead her normal life. This therapy may be challenging. It takes much time. Clinicians have to be very direct and honest to her. The clinician has to be very careful that the confidentiality and privacy of her will not be disturbed. It will help to build up her confidence. Caregivers will also provide therapies to make her comfort. There are certain self-support groups. These groups will support Sarah to do her work. Her family members will also be told about these therapies (Hou Lai, 2014). This treatment plan w ill be given to her. The medications can be changed according to her progress. Her progress will also help to guide the therapies. If it is necessary then certain other therapies also will be included after consulting the doctors. References: Freeman, D., Bradley, J., Waite, F., Sheaves, B., DeWeever, N., Bourke, E., ... Garety, P. (2016). Targeting recovery in persistent persecutory delusions: a proof of principle study of a new translational psychological treatment.Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy, 1. Freeman, D., Waite, F., Emsley, R., Kingdon, D., Davies, L., Fitzpatrick, R., Dunn, G. (2016). The efficacy of a new translational treatment for persecutory delusions: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (The Feeling Safe Study).Trials,17(1), 1. Hou, Y. C., Lai, C. H. (2014). To the Editor: The standard treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) usually means antidepres-sants. A low dose of antipsychotic can be an option of augmentation. Hu, L. Y., Lee, Y. T., Lu, T., Hung, M. B., Hung, Y. Y. (2015). Using aripiprazole to treat new-onset hyperprolactinemia-related delusion of pregnancy.Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 0004867415589796. Kilicaslan, E. E., Acar, G., Eksioglu, S., Kesebir, S., Tezcan, E. (2016). The Effect of Delusion and Hallucination Types on Treatment Response in Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder.Dusunen Adam,29(1), 29. Kohut, H. (2013).The analysis of the self: A systematic approach to the psychoanalytic treatment of narcissistic personality disorders. University of Chicago Press. Kumar, D., Rao, M. G., Raveendranathan, D., Venkatasubramanian, G., Varambally, S., Gangadhar, B. N. (2013). Metacognitive Training for Delusion in Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia: A Case Report.Clinical schizophrenia related psychoses,9(1), 40-43. So, S. H. W., Peters, E. R., Swendsen, J., Garety, P. A., Kapur, S. (2014). Changes in delusions in the early phase of antipsychotic treatmentAn experience sampling study.Psychiatry research,215(3), 568-573.

Thursday, November 28, 2019

Albert Camus and Bohemian Rhapsody Comparison free essay sample

Albert Camus was one of the most renowned authors during the early twentieth century. With writings such as The Stranger, and The Plague, Camus has struck the world of literature with amazing works that are analyzed to a great extent. This amazing success was not just handed to Camus on a silver platter however; Albert endured many hard times and was often encumbered with great illness in his short life. These hardships that Camus had to face, emphasized in his writings and literature. Camus’ work is very closely related to songs written and sung by a band named Queen. Queen’s song, â€Å"Bohemian Rhapsody†, is one of few songs, that correlate to Albert Camus views on the Absurd, which consist of simplifying the point of philosophy to mean life, a reasoning that the world, in general, is not a reasonable place, and realizing the consequences to believing in the absurd. Albert Camus wrote a numerous amount inspiring novels/essays and gained success, starting at the young age of seventeen, when Camus decided to become a writer. We will write a custom essay sample on Albert Camus and Bohemian Rhapsody Comparison or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page By 1932, he was writing articles for magazines. Albert entered the University of Algiers on scholarships the same year (Sprintzen). As an art critic, Camus wrote articles for a newspaper in 1934. In the same year he married Simon Hie who was wealthy but was plagued with a drug addiction. This marriage only lasted for about two years. (Sprintzen) After earning a degree in 1935, Camus wrote his thesis Christian Metaphysics and Neo-Platonism†. On December 3, 1940, Albert Camus married for the second time to Francine Fautre (Wachtel).After all of this success, some fabulous works followed. Some of his novels include The Stranger, The Myth of Sisyphus, and The Plague. With the money he made from the publishing of The Plague, he paid the University of Algiers back fifteenfold. He also wrote many books of essays including LEvers et lendroit, Noces, and Nuptials. All of these works led to his greatest achievement; he was awarded the Nobel Prize in October 1957, for his important literary works which shed light on the problems today facing the human conscience. (Nobelprize.org). Albert Camus had really hanged the lives of many people for works in literature as stated by the Nobel Prize Committee. According to Camus the point of philosophy is life: â€Å"The preceding merely defines a way of thinking. But the  point is to live† (Camus). Others say that philosophy is theorization about the universe and the difference between ideas of a personal view and views of others that make simple things in life complicated. e.g. beauty, wealth, etc.(Ramsland). Camus’ life and work were dominated by the juxtaposition of an unstoppable will towards happiness and justice on one hand and the indifference and hostility of the world on the other hand. This correlation constitutes the absurd. In Bohemian Rhapsody it was often said, â€Å"nothing really matters† (Queen). And how there is â€Å"no escape from reality†(Queen). Which is the core of what the Absurd truly is. The absurd is a conflict between our expectations and reality. Particularly, it is the confrontation between our longing for order, meaning, and clarity and the chaos, confusion, and irrationality of the world; between the human longing for happiness and the evil in the world. â€Å"The world in itself is not reasonable, that is all that can be said. But what is absurd is the confrontation of this irrational and the wild longing for clarity whose call echoes in the human heart.† (Camus). Bohemian Rhapsody is a song written by Queen on October 31, 1975; the lyrics to this song are very similar to the work Albert Camus had written of describing the absurd and a man’s fate and faith after killing someone quite possibly himself. This song was released around the time when many people were unsure of their lives. This song was more mournful and depressing with the rhythmic sounds. Revolt is a refusal to accept the absurd without trying to escape it and without renouncing either the world or our desire for happiness and order. Much the way Queen and many other bands during the time period did by creating rock music. Freedom; In a world devoid of external significance and meaning, man is free to create his own happiness. The loss of external values is also liberation from our dependence on them. The man speaking in Bohemian Rhapsody talks about feeling liberated and free after he has left â€Å"real life†. Passion; Recognizing and living with the absurd entail a passionate consciousness of each moment of experience. What we lose in quality of experience derived from external values we gain in quantity of consciousness and passion derived from our awareness and rejection of the absurd. The existentialism of Albert Camus is based on his view of life as the Absurd. This sense of the Absurd derives from the realization that man is  destined to die, as if being punished for a crime he never committed. There is no reprieve, and this makes life absurd (Peyre). There is no God in Camus’s conception, and those who hope for an afterlife are thus to be disappointed. Camus understood that the fact that there is no God also means that there is no meaning or purpose to life outside of living life to the fullest, and that there is a destined end. The one saving grace in the world seems to be the fact that while there is no God on which man can depend, man can live as if he can depend on his fellow man, even though he and they will all die (Sprintzen). This is another absurdity, but it is based on the fact that the individual has come to understand the absurdity of life and that this realization liberates him. The individual faces death, knowing that he will lose, but acting as if his life ultimately does matter. The works of Albert Camus fall into three categories, aside from his work as a journalist: literary, political, and philosophical. This is an arbitrary division, since he generally mixes these elements in his work and his thought in some degree. An examination of his life and his work will show the evolution of his philosophical thought and how he expressed his conceptions to the world. The word absurd is very weird in the sense that there is no clear definition for the term. Merriam-Websters Collegiate Dictionary has a definition of absurd as having no rational or orderly relationship to human life: meaningless, also: lacking order or value. Many existential philosophers have defined it in their own manner. Soren Kierkegarrd, a Dutch philosopher from the 1800’s, defined absurd as that quality of Christian faith which runs counter to all reasonable human expectation (Woelfel 40). Jean-Paul Sartre a post-WW II French philosopher, felt that absurd was the sheer contingency or thereness or gratuitousness of the world (Woelfel 41). Both of these definitions are hard to interpret and for the most part are not how Camus viewed the word absurd. Camus gives his interpretation of absurd in his book The Myth of Sisyphus, which is the point at which man realizes that all the struggles that we put forth in a repeated daily cycle are in all actuality completely meaningless (Woelfel 44). Some people may believe that Bohemian Rhapsody does not relate to Albert Camus’ ideas on The Absurd because the song focuses more on a man committing suicide and does  not express the beliefs of Albert Camus well. This counterclaim is supported by the quote from Albert Camus himself stating, â€Å"I regret the continued reference to myself as a philosopher of the absurd as it is an oxymoron to what the true idealism of the absurd is about† (Scherr). The counterargument would be false because the man that is telling the story through song is often questioning whether or not life is meaningful and if we live in a â€Å"real† life, and questioning life is part of the base of the Absurd along with suicide being morally questioned as to right or wrong. Much the way the narrator of the song is describing his tale of killing a man that could very well be himself as he says he pains for himself (Queen). Albert Camus’ theories on the absurd are similar to motives and explanation of life and post-life described in the song by rock band Queen entitled Bohemian Rhapsody. Albert Camus’ life had faced many difficulties and it was surprising when he died at a young age in his mid-40’s. Camus work on the absurd and reasoning the meaning and simplicity of life through literature has changed the world’s perspective of the past-life. Albert Camus’ words are still upheld today as many people have reread and retranslated Camus’ words over and over again. The world is a better place now considering all the things Albert has taught about the absurd.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Chromatography and Solvents Essay Example

Chromatography and Solvents Essay Example Chromatography and Solvents Paper Chromatography and Solvents Paper Chromatography is a method of separating compounds and mixtures so that they can be identified and analyzed. The word chromatography means color writing. There are many kinds of chromatography such as the thin layer chromatography, Partition chromatography, Column chromatography, and Paper chromatography. Chromatography is important in the analysis of processes and materials such as environmental contamination, food, drugs, blood, petroleum products, and radioactive fission products. It has many uses in the rapidly evolving biotechnology industry. The chromatography sorbents help purify problems in the production of drugs. Equipment used for chromatography is essential for chemical laboratories today. With these devices, scientists can identify chemical compounds in complex mixtures such as smog, cigar smoke, and even coffee aroma. Chromatography could be used to show how much of one substance there is in a mixture. Solvents are used to separate mixtures. Some solvents that we see every day are nail polish remover, water, rubbing alcohol, and vinegar. In chromatography, the components go through 2 phases called the mobile phase and stationary phase. The stationary phase may be solid, liquid, liquid supported on a solid, or gel. They may be packed in a column, spread as a layer, or distributed as a film. The mobile phase may be gaseous or liquid. In paper chromatography, the filter paper is the stationary phase and the solvent is the mobile phase. The separation is achieved when the solutes in the mobile phase and stationary phase results in different retention lines for the different chemical compounds. The chromatographic system consists of 3 components which are solvents, soluble, and sorbents. Solvents are used to dissolve solutes to form a solution. Not all solvents have to be liquid and not all solutes have to be solid. Higher temperatures of the solvent usually increase the dissolving of the solute. One exception to this is that the solubility of gas in liquid usually decreases with temperature. If the components of this system react chemically with each other than the inert substance dispersing the reactants is the inert solvent. Chemical reactions will also dissolve more solutes. Water is an excellent solvent for ionic substances. It breaks down the ionic crystals and separates the component ions form each other. The water molecules form shells around the ions and keep them far apart. Covalently bonded molecules like organic compounds don’t dissolve well in water. They dissolve well in organic solvents. Some alcohols have hydrogen bonds so they dissolve in water. Rubbing Alcohol is useful as an antifreeze compound and solvent. It contains methanol which is produced from natural gases. Methanol is made from mixing hydrogen and carbon monoxide at high temperatures and pressure. The boiling point increases due to hydrogen bonding that occurs between hydroxyl groups. Acetone is a colorless, flammable, explosive liquid that contains a characteristic odor that can be detected at very low concentrations. 2008). (Chemical compound: CH3COCH3) Used for making nail polish remover, model airplane, and glue. It belongs to a family known as ketones. Ketones are a compound with carbonyl group (carbon and oxygen bonded together) attached to 2 carbon atoms, made of two propane molecules. Acetone may be present in the human body but only in small concentrations. Diabetic patients may have larger amounts. Exposure to Acetone should be avoided because it causes irritation in the eyes and throat. The vinegar is an organic compound that contains up to 5% Acetic Acid (has chemical compounds CH3COOH) and 95% water. Acetic acid is a clear colorless liquid with a pungent odor. It is soluble in alcohol, acetone, water, and other organic compounds. Vinegar has been used as a cleaning agent, printing of textiles, and as an acidifier to improve the flow of oil from wells. Neil Schlager (2006). Acetic acid is corrosive and prolonged exposure can cause irritation to throat, nose, and eyes. It can also cause headaches, confusion, chest tightness, and coughs. Salt (another name for NaCl sodium chloride) is made from a chemical reaction of an acid and a base. During this reaction, the acid and base are neutralized producing salt, water and heat. Lerner (2008). Table Salt (also NaCl) only has one positive ion. Salt is an important compound for preserving food and making soap. It is also very important in the making of chlorine and sodium. Water (H2O) is a chemical compound of hydrogen and oxygen held together by polar covalent bonds. Its polarity causes it to form hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen bonds are an attraction between slightly positive H atoms in a polar molecule with the slightly negative side of another polar molecule. Water molecules form 5 hydrogen bonds and have a high specific heat. Water has a wicking property called capillary action. Capillary action is the force that draws water out of the roots of plants and into the stems and leaves. Analyzing ink is important questioned documents that might be forged. It could be used to identify inks in forged checks, wills, or altered records. Ink may look the same but they have very different chemical compositions. Ink is made up of a combination of pigments and dyes, oils, and resins. Some inks are even made of soybeans. Inks may be analyzed by a destructive or nondestructive test. The nondestructive is analyzed first and is better because it keeps the paper intact. Micro spectrophotometry is the main method of nondestructive testing. It scans the ink in infrared and ultraviolet light to record its wavelengths of light it absorbs. Thin layer chromatography is used for destructive testing. A tiny sample of ink paper is punched out and placed on a strip of paper with other ink samples. Then the strip is placed into a solvent but it’s placed where the sample ink is dry. The solvent is drawn up through capillary actions and the sample spots move up with it. The end result is a pattern of colored spots where you can compare it with others to make identification.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Employment Law uk Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Employment Law uk - Essay Example Besides, the fact that Bruce is a friend motivated Cathy to dismiss Abe without carrying out a fair investigation based on the assumption that Bruce has worked for the company for a long time hence he cannot be the guilty one. Therefore, Cathy has a burden to prove the allegation made against Abe. Distrust of a possible misconduct on crime is an instance where the employer has the burden to provide indisputable evidence that an employee is guilty even if the conduct violates the disciplinary code. In John Lewis v Coyne4, the manner in which the store handled the disciplinary issues was placed under scrutiny by the EAT over the concerns of Coyne using the corporation telephone. It is after investigation has been conducted that Abe has been found not guilty while Bruce was the actual culprit. Therefore, Abe has a right to reinstatement, re-engagement or even compensation5. Compensation to Abe comprises of a basic award because this was a mistaken identity, which led to unfair dismissal Cathy might be ordered to pay Abe up to  £76,700. Moreover, if Abe decides to add allegation of a breach of contract, Cathy might be ordered to pay an extra  £25,000, which takes the probable compensation way up to  £101,700. In addition, since Cathy dismissed Abe unfairly it is possible for Abe to file a claim for loss in earnings and damage to image (defamation). In Addis v, Gramophone Co Ltd6 Mr Addis was unfairly and harshly discharged from his position as the manager of the defendant in Calcutta. During trial, he was given damages that exceeded the actual figure of his salary for the period he was given a notice as stipulated by law. The case in general was considered as having been ruled that the employee had no ability to be compensated for damages in connection to the manner in which the unfair discharge of duties occurred, for ruined image and feelings or for loss he may experience from the truth that by having been dismissed, it makes it hard for him to get

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Is the Study of Past Military Leaders Valid for a Modern Military Essay - 1

Is the Study of Past Military Leaders Valid for a Modern Military Professional - Essay Example Historical studies move from one war to another, bringing out the list of a number of great military leaders who have changed the order of the world through their courage, strategies and heroic deeds. It is interesting to note that the contribution made by strong military leaders to the twists and turns of history are equal or more stable than religious leaders, intellectuals, scientists or philosophers could make. The most powerful political leaders the world has seen do have a military background. Leaders like Frederick the Great, Ulysses Grant, Napoleon, Alexander the Great and Hitler did start their political careers as soldiers or people who served the military. The observation that the â€Å"most influential leaders in world history have come not from the church, the halls of governments, or the scholastic centers but from the ranks of soldiers and sailors† is not an exaggeration. Wars do figure out in the modern world too, reinforcing the need and necessity for the mode rn military professionals to go back to the historical stories of success and failure, defeat and conquest of the past military captains, and learn either from their destruction or achievements. No doubt, warfare over the past 150 years have undergone a lot of changes: the nature of war has changed drastically with the modern man’s access to all types of advanced technological devices, machines and bombs.

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Marketing Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 7

Marketing Management - Essay Example An organisation’s management is the team of employees who are entrusted by the stakeholders to come up with policies and decisions that will see the firm to achieve its objectives as well as adapt to any changes that are foreseen in the market environment. Marketing myopia is a common problem facing a number of organisations as the management fails to venture and analyse the larger perspective of their industry but rather concentrate on a single objective that ends up being redundant due to the dynamic nature of current markets. A company that is a market leader in an industry can be rendered redundant if its market approach does not rhyme with the current ramifications, forces, factors and shifting trends in the market (Soman and Marandi, 2010). The failure of organisations to define their objectives from the customers’ perspective makes them be more oriented to the products that they produce and with time they will eventually lose touch with the clients since they are not responding to their needs. Customer is always supreme in any business since the company is set to meet their needs. Marketing myopia occurs when organisations chose to be product-oriented rather than being customer-oriented to serve the needs of clients thus end up neglecting the opportunities that are present in their industry (â€Å"Harvard Business†, 2013). With time, different firms will seize the opportunity and through their aggression the previous companies will be rendered redundant since their products will no longer be appealing to the customers. The essay is going to elaborate of how management makes mistakes in choosing the objectives of their organisation and in particular it will deal with the case of Blackberry (Lee, 2013). Research in Motion (RIM) the firm that manufactures BlackBerry line of products was a renowned technology giant in America during its early years since it was the only firm

Friday, November 15, 2019

Nationalism And Case Study Of Northern Ireland History Essay

Nationalism And Case Study Of Northern Ireland History Essay Introduction The concept of nationalism has been influencing domestic and international politics for centuries in various aspects. The predominant role of nationalism and the high interest in it has led to extensive literature on the topic and many scholars published works and studies on it in a number of other fields besides political sciences such as psychology and sociology. As is the case with many political concepts, there are a number of approaches to the topic of nationalism. The case study shortly discussed here will focus on nationalism in Northern Ireland. Nationalism had a major impact on Northern Irish politics and life during the second half of the twentieth century, a time when the rest of Western Europe did not have to face such problems. In a recent issue of The Big Issue journalist and Sky News presenter Dermot Murnaghan writes about how growing up in Belfast during the Troubles meant being used to an environment of checkpoints, steel barriers, the army on the street (Murnaghan, 2011). Only after moving to England to study did he realize that the situation in Northern Ireland wasnt normal, it was actually very strange. (Murnaghan, 2011) Nationalist tendencies continue to influence actions, behaviour and policies in many if not all parts of the world. A thorough understanding of nationalism, its sources, workings and possible consequences thus is crucial. In the following, this paper will first discuss the concept of nationalism. The distinction between different usages of the term will be highlighted and the variety of approaches be acknowledged. It will then go on to consider how nationalism influenced the developments in Ireland. In its last part, the essay will conclude with an answer to the essay question whether nationalism is an extremist and exclusivist political ideology that tends towards violence. Nationalism Modern nationalism was born out of anti-enlightenment thought. While ethnic groups have long existed, nations were an invention of a time when big empires gave place to the rise of these and the theory of national sovereignty arouse in Europe. In his very influential book Nationalism Elie Kedourie actually describes nationalism as just that: a doctrine invented in Europe at the beginning of the nineteenth century [that] divides humanity into separate and distinct nations and claims that such nations must constitute sovereign states. (Kedourie, 1961: 9, 73) As is the case with every political concept, there are a number of approaches to the topic of nationalism. Arguably the most influential at the moment are the modernization approach, Marxist/neo-Marxist models and postmodernist ideas. The Dictionary of International Relations names two usages of the term nationalism: as a characterization of an ideology and a description of a sentiment or attitude (Evans and Newnham, 1998: 346 ff.). The second usage of nationalism describes a sentiment of loyalty towards the nation which is shared by the people. (Evans and Newnham, 1998: 346) Religion and language may be possible examples for elements that provide such communality. The first aspect of nationalism can further be divided into two connotations: it could either be used as an ideology, a political theory joined to a programme incorporating ultimately attainable goals (OLeary, 1981: 4), or political movements and actions motivated by said ideology. Also acknowledged should be that nationalism is only one form of how ethnic groups may react; other options include but arent limited to assimilation or seeking a place within a political system with distinctive ethnic rights and resources. (OSullivan, 1986: 6) Furthermore, the manifestation of nationalist tendencies differs from the social status of said group. Whereas in an already existing nation-state a nationalist group would work towards maintaining strong boundaries, nationalist movements such as the Irish Republican Army work towards separation and independence (OSullivan, 1986: 5). While in earlier times nationalist tendencies regularly ended in wars, the expression of radical nationalism in the Western world of today has become terrorist attacks, much as the IRA used to operate in Northern Ireland; the potential of gaining much public attention with bombings and similar attacks is high. As mentioned before, nationalism has been the object of much scrutiny. To name only one of many critics of the notion of nationalism, Sir Lewis Namier wrote that nationalism, from the outset, was the expression of social and political maladjustment and has since been at least as much the vehicle as the source of destructive passions (Namier in Kenneth, 1960: 499). However, considering its nation-building process and its quest for self-determination, in its chapter on nationalism the Dictionary of International Relations describes nationalism as not only the most potent force in world politics, it is also, judging by mere numbers, the most successful. (Evans and Newnham, 1998: 349) The case of Northern Ireland To understand the current situation in Northern Ireland it is absolutely essential to consider the impact of historical events and developments on the Irish island. English invasion of Ireland can be dated back to as early as the twelfth century. Bringing the island both progress but also suppression, opposition to English occupancy can be traced back to these times as well. In the centuries to follow a number of wars strained the region and while most of Britain converted to the Church of England under the rule of Henry VIII, many Irish men and women remained Catholics. Up until the Troubles and possibly sometimes today the religious split of the Northern Irish society is partly to blame for the extent to which attacks were committed. This long history of contact, conflict, and accommodation between the two major ethnic groups (OSullivan, 1986: 2), here the English and Irish, is crucial to acknowledge because it lay the groundwork for nationalist feelings that would result in radica lism responsible for the violent clashes and attacks of a time that today is called the Troubles. Struggle for freedom from English intervention highly influenced developments on the island ever since the beginning of the last millennium. The long on-going struggle had also hardened the fronts on both sides; on the side of the Unionists that would prefer to stay loyal to the Crown and whose nationalist feelings are for a future as part of the United Kingdom, but also on the sides of the Republicans fighting for a separation from the UK and a subsequent reunion with the Republic of Ireland, their nationalist feelings being for a united Ireland. In her book First World Nationalism, Katherine OSullivan See writes that neo-nationalism movements among Ulsters working class Protestants and the separatist efforts of the Irish Republican Army [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] belie any claims that increasing modernization and secularization of the state and economy will moderate ethnic cleavages. (OSullivan, 1986: 102) A little more than a decade after the publication of this book, however, the Belfast Good Friday Agreement was considered by many to have ended the Troubles. Although violence sporadically still shocks the nation, most paramilitary forces that had previously been involved in violence ceased armed fighting. Conclusion In answer to the essay question whether nationalism is an extremist and exclusivist political ideology that tends towards violence it seem of great importance to mention that under the term nationalism much can be understood. There is no such thing as one single ideology of nationalism; each nationalist group is characterized by certain historical backgrounds and other factors that have an influence on their goals and proceedings. In terms of being exclusivist, it can be said that even though the idea of nationalism is supposed to embrace the people of one nation, the whole concept of it is without a doubt aimed at achieving at least a certain degree of separation from another ethnic group, either building up boundaries or focusing on maintaining them. With reference to extremism, for an incident to make front page and come to the attention of many, it has to have reached a certain degree of tragedy. Much more rarely do meetings of peaceful nationalist groups get covered in the media . However, it is undisputed that in a great number of cases in- and outside of Europe nationalist movements led to violence and loss of innocent lives. Nationalism seems to be an ideology more prone to the use of brute force than other political believes are. But as with every ideology, eventually the degree of commitment to and the exclusive belief in the ideals proposed by the ideology and the readiness to use violence of group members decide the outcome. As to the case of Northern Ireland, the Stormont Assembly has been back in legislature for a couple of years know and although not all violence has ceased, the situation definitely has improved greatly compared to a couple of decades ago. Also, devolution processes in the United Kingdom are ongoing and the Assembly in Northern Ireland has a considerable amount of executive and legislative power today.

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Hitlers Gain of Power :: Papers

Hitler's Gain of Power When Hitler came to become chancellor in January 1933 his powers were relatively weak. Hitler had been appointed chancellor by the president, Hindenberg. Hindenberg had the power to appoint any chancellor he wishes, and can get rid of Hitler at any time. This means that Hindenberg controlled all of Hitler's power. The Nazi politicians were in the minority in the cabinet and in the Reichstag - only 3 in the first cabinet. Hitler only won 33% of the vote in 1932. Without this support it was hard to gain much support for Hitler. Also, the Generals had no loyalty to him. The German army, the Wehrmacht, were very powerful and had the power to overthrow Hitler is they wished. They were afraid that Hitler would replace the army with his own SA - which had increased in size dramatically since it was first created. Hitler managed to achieve complete control by 1934 by establishing a one-party state where he would have full control. He did this in several ways. The Reichstag building was burned down on 27 February 1933. This helped Hitler to gain a majority in the upcoming March election. The Nazis blamed the fire on the communists, specifically Van der Lubbe - and they claimed that he intended to spark a communist uprising in Germany. It is debatable as to who really caused the fire. Although Van der Lubbe confessed to it, some historians claim that the Nazis started the fire themselves deliberately to increase their chances of success. It is undeniable that Hitler did use the fire to help win the election. He launched a propaganda campaign to whip up fears of a communist uprising. This was hoped to frighten the middle-classed landowners into voting for them. The day following the fire, the "Reichstag fire decree" was introduced. This gave the Nazis the power to arrest a number of communists and socialists and hold them for unlimited periods of time without having to appear in court. The Nazis still failed to gain a majority in the Reichstag, receiving

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Evolution and Stages of Development of Self-Managed teams Essay

One of the most effective means of extracting the unutilized portion of the healthcare industry has been the self-managed team. This has been a recently identified area, and healthcare organizations are beginning to use it for their advantage in improving the health outcomes of the patients. Self-managed teams are also known as ‘self-directed teams’, ‘natural teams’, or ‘semiautonomous teams’. They are a group of employees that have to do daily responsibilities along with managing themselves. They would perform several tasks including managing work responsibilities, planning, problem solving, decision-making, scheduling the work, etc. The self-management teams would be having several characteristics including interacting with other working groups, responsibility providing the services, performing interdependent activities and managing the operations of the team (Schrubb, 1992 & Silverman, 1996). The basic evolution of a self-managed team occurs in five stages. Zawacki and Norman framed this in the year 1994. With a different situation arising due to the workflow, the team can revert to an earlier situation. A self-managed team would be having several roles to play with relation to patient care, and each of these roles would be in one of the seven stages of development. It is important to note that each of these roles played by the team members, would be in any of the seven stages of team development. The stages of self-managed team development include: – In the first stage, when the team is new and do not know the skills and the knowledge of the work, a leader who is familiar with the work processes and competent with the work skills, would be providing supervision and would train the staff to perform the daily tasks. The leader once actually trains the staff members to perform the tasks, slowly shifts his role from a supervisor to a manager. He would now be slowly managing the activities of the team. Slowly the manager would begin to coordinate all the activities of the team. He/she would be training the staff members to perform tasks that would involve leading the lower staff members. Most of the members of the team take up certain responsibilities concerned with management. The manager acts as an interface between the self-managed team and the administration or the portfolio management. Slowly the manager of the team becomes an additional resource that would not only perform the tasks that the members of the group would be performing, but would also be invoked in interacting with the administration (Silverman, 1996). It is important that the organization moves thought all these stages in the self-management development process. The specific reasons for having a self-management development process include: – To ensure that the patient is satisfied with the treatment To ensure that the team members get the feedback directly from the customers rather than from the managers and the supervisors. This would help the team to continuously develop over a period of time. The customer satisfaction levels would improve with time. To ensure that further responsibilities and roles for the staff members are incorporated in an appropriate manner. The organization, which has dynamic objectives, is able to function better if self-managed teams are existent. The managers and the supervisors, who play an important role guiding the staff members, can be utilized to engage in growth-related activities of the origination (Silverman, 1996).

Friday, November 8, 2019

Free Essays on Houdini

â€Å"Houdini the Life, the Legend† There have been many entertainers in the past, but few rival the entertaining career of Ehrich Weiss. Ehrich Weiss was born in Budapest Hungary on March 24th, 1874, and brought to the United States by his mother and father (pbs.org). It was in Appelton Wisconsin that Ehrich would have to go to work at an early age to help support his family. But who is Erich Weiss? The man better known as Harry Houdini was known by many names: the Prince of the Air, Eric the Great, the Handcuff King, and the Card King (geocities.com). Ehrich became fascinated with the idea of magic when he was eight years old after his father took him to see a show performed by Dr. Lyan who was a traveling magician. By the age of twelve Ehrich ran away from home and traveled with circuses and side shows, using two show names â€Å"Ehrich the Prince of the Air† and â€Å"Eric the Great† (geocities.com). After a year of traveling Houdini now thirteen reunited with his parents in New York. While i n New York Ehrich read the autobiography of a Frenchman named Jean Robert-Houdin who was a magician and Harry Houdini was born, legally changing his name after establishing himself as an international icon while in Great Britain. Houdini and Beatrice Rahner were married in 1894. Bess Houdini traveled with her husband and became an assistant in his act. There were no children to follow in their father’s footsteps and keep his name alive, but his wife did a very good job. For sixteen years after Houdini’s untimely death Bess paid a publicist to keep his name alive (geocities.com). Houdini spent a few years in the United States making a name for himself and then in 1900 he left for England. During his stay in England Houdini became the highest paid entertainer in Europe. At $2,000 a week he was making $112,000 a year, an incredibly high salary for 1900. Harry stayed in Europe for five years enjoying his money and coming up... Free Essays on Houdini Free Essays on Houdini â€Å"Houdini the Life, the Legend† There have been many entertainers in the past, but few rival the entertaining career of Ehrich Weiss. Ehrich Weiss was born in Budapest Hungary on March 24th, 1874, and brought to the United States by his mother and father (pbs.org). It was in Appelton Wisconsin that Ehrich would have to go to work at an early age to help support his family. But who is Erich Weiss? The man better known as Harry Houdini was known by many names: the Prince of the Air, Eric the Great, the Handcuff King, and the Card King (geocities.com). Ehrich became fascinated with the idea of magic when he was eight years old after his father took him to see a show performed by Dr. Lyan who was a traveling magician. By the age of twelve Ehrich ran away from home and traveled with circuses and side shows, using two show names â€Å"Ehrich the Prince of the Air† and â€Å"Eric the Great† (geocities.com). After a year of traveling Houdini now thirteen reunited with his parents in New York. While i n New York Ehrich read the autobiography of a Frenchman named Jean Robert-Houdin who was a magician and Harry Houdini was born, legally changing his name after establishing himself as an international icon while in Great Britain. Houdini and Beatrice Rahner were married in 1894. Bess Houdini traveled with her husband and became an assistant in his act. There were no children to follow in their father’s footsteps and keep his name alive, but his wife did a very good job. For sixteen years after Houdini’s untimely death Bess paid a publicist to keep his name alive (geocities.com). Houdini spent a few years in the United States making a name for himself and then in 1900 he left for England. During his stay in England Houdini became the highest paid entertainer in Europe. At $2,000 a week he was making $112,000 a year, an incredibly high salary for 1900. Harry stayed in Europe for five years enjoying his money and coming up...

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

Alas, Babylon essays

Alas, Babylon essays The women in this novel have important roles. Most of the time the women are shown as the caregivers who watch over the children. There are many examples of this in this novel. Helen Bragg is the wife of Mark Bragg. She is very important in this novel because she shows a real motherly and caregiver role. In chapter four, Helen and her two kids, Ben Franklin and Peyton, are leaving to go stay with Randy. Mark has to stay behind in Omaha in a military place called The Hole. Mark says to Helen, Your job is to survive because if you dont the children wont survive. That is your job. There is no other (66). Mark states her role here. She needs to survive in order to take care of the children so they will survive too. While Helen and the children are staying in Randys house, she tries to keep things as normal as possible after the nuclear attacks. She tells Ben to wash his hands before they eat dinner. This also shows that she is in a caregiver role. Another woman with a caregiver role in this novel is Lib McGovern. When Helen has a fantasy about Randy being Mark, she kisses him and this freaks out Randy. He talks to Lib for help. She tells him that she wanted to major in psychology and that Helen was having a fantasy. Randy says, Youre talking like a professional, Lib (223). Her role is to help Randy with his problems. Another time when Lib has an important role in this story is when she goes over to Admiral Sam Hazzards house with Randy. Admiral and Randy are discussing what to do about the highwaymen that attacked Dan and stole his things and the only good car that they had. Lib is sitting there with those two men when she finally has to make a suggestion. She says that the best way to get the highwaymens attention is to ask Rita for her grocery truck and gasoline. The Admiral all this time treats her like a mess girl. After Lib sugges ...

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Museum Rebort Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Museum Rebort - Essay Example Artists use ceramics to develop various sculptures that criticize the social and cultural features of the society. Some of the best ceramics artifacts on display in museums today harbor rich cultural and social history of various societies. The works of Ken Price has remained on display at the Los Angeles Museum of Arts. The multicolored sculpture glows in the lights of the display thereby depicting the lustrous nature of the carvings. The smooth flowing edges and curves of the sculpture portray the malleable nature of ceramics the artist manipulates thereby developing the work. Arts provide people with effective platform on which to criticize the developments in the society. In doing this, arts provide artists with the opportunity to maintain a relative criticisms of the various cultural and social developments in the society. The feature of arts presents a daunting task to the artists who must therefore develop an intriguing work but maintain an originality in their works. Ken Price achieves this in his sculpture, which oozes both uniqueness and originality. The unique sculpture has several molten like lumps that depict the artist’s creativity. As described above, the smooth flowing curves that appear as molten lumps are carefully done curving on the ceramic materials. The artists maintain the caution capable of achieving the illusion of the curves on the ceramic material. The artist curves the intricate shapes of the artifact from the delicate ceramic materials thereby developing the artifact before heating it in order to achieve the strength and longevity the artifact enjoys at the display to date. The artist employs a combination of artistic techniques in order to achieve the finished artifact on display at the museum today. The soft ceramic clay helps with the molding process; wet ceramic clay is not only ductile but also equally plastic in nature. This makes ceramics better than clay in the creation

Friday, November 1, 2019

Toyota Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Toyota - Essay Example The company has developed a separate system called Toyota Production System (TPS) in order to manage its production operations. This system gives more focus on avoidance of over production and this strategy may sometimes adversely affect the expansional notions of Toyota. Hence, it is recommendable for the company to engage in more large scale production. Similarly, the Toyota must improve its competitiveness by introducing effective long term promotional strategies as the company economically lags behind Japan’s No.2 Nissan Motor Co Ltd and third ranked Honda Motor Co Ltd. The company must design a well structured employee development program that would establish a balance between an individual’s personal interests and organizational goals. Likewise, it is advisable for the management to make interpersonal relationships with employees so that it can ensure effective information flow between the organization’s top level to bottom level and vice versa. For this pu rpose, the firm may arrange for periodical meetings or appoint unit supervisors.

Wednesday, October 30, 2019

Death Sentence or Capital Punishment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Death Sentence or Capital Punishment - Essay Example After watching the film, Dead Man Walking and reading some of Sister Helen Prejean, I believe that the mode of punishment is equally inhumane and has no place in the modern society as the discussion below portrays. The film introduces Mathew Poncelet, who has been in prison for six years as he awaits execution by lethal injection for killing a couple. His life and experiences while on death row coupled with the actual execution portray the inhumane nature of the crime. Firstly, capital punishment is a form of retribution. Killing Poncelet for killing the couple is a form of vengeance engineered by the state. The process devalues human life and may not always have any moral benefits to the society. People do not learn that killing is a vice since the state kills such offenders. Instead, the punishment shows the state using its laws to carry out an execution of its citizens. Furthermore, vengeance does not always gratify the families of the victims who continue living with the loss. Ad ditionally, the process is traumatizing. Just as shown in the film, the process of killing a convict is slow and tedious. The convicts stay on death row for years as they await their execution. Mathew Poncelet in the film stays in prison for six years as he awaits the process. The courts in the United States simply sentence a convict to death but never specify the date of the actual execution. Such court rulings are the height of torture and inhumane treatment of the convicts. Poncelet, for example, lives every day anticipating the execution. Six years is always a sufficient punishment for some other crimes in the country. As such, the process is like double punishment since the convicts live in solitary for long. Within the period, some lose their sanity as they anticipate the penalty. Death penalty prolongs the agony of both the victims’ families and that of the convict. Victims deserve effective and equally timely justice.

Monday, October 28, 2019

The Natural Born Citizen Essay Example for Free

The Natural Born Citizen Essay The President of the United States of America is the most powerful man in the world. The decisions that he makes and the policies that he enforce are things that have direct or indirect effects not only on the U. S citizenry but also on people living in other countries. This fact makes it imperative that a man or a woman who is going to assume the office as the President of the United States must have full control of his mental, physical, and emotional faculties when he takes over this important position. This is the primary reason why individuals who intend to hold office as president of the United States should be a â€Å"Natural Born† citizen. The wording â€Å"Natural born† means that the candidate should have been born into this world via natural birthing methods. THE NATURAL BORN CITIZEN THE FACTS ABOUT NATURAL BIRTHING Being born via a Natural birthing method ensures that the child has a huge probability of having full control over his Mental, physical and emotional faculties in comparison to those born via unnatural birthing methods (Caesarian method). Being born via Caesarian method has the following adverse effects namely: (a) The change that may take place on a child’s brain because of the chemical effects of anaesthetic drugs like morphine and lidocaine. These are drugs that are administered on laboring mothers to counter the immense pains associated to childbirth. Effects may include but would not be limited to cognitive and behavioral problems like long term Brain damage, ADHD and Autism (Stacey 2008). (b) Psycho social problems have a higher risk of occurrence on Caesarian born children than those who were born via natural means. According to Dr. Stanislov Grof, caesarian-born children often displays particular attitudes and personality traits like low self esteem, and difficulty in completing a task. CONCLUSION There is no question that the Position as Chief Executive of a country is a very demanding position that entails commitment and sound mental faculties. A person who is bound to get this office should have mental, physical and emotional resources that he could call upon to serve his country especially in troubled times. Caesarian born individuals are not fit to hold this office because there is a huge possibility that they are not intrinsically, physically and mentally fit enough to assume their duties as the president of the most powerful country in the World. This office demands that the person who holds office should have a nearly perfect if not fully unblemished mental and physical faculties. The THE NATURAL BORN CITIZEN position is not created by the constitution to be a testing laboratory for a potentially unfit individual. This position is not for the feeble minded, and the weak of heart. Any possibility of handing this position over to an individual who may be emotionally and mentally unstable is an unjustifiable risk that the most prominent country in the world cannot take. Such an undertaking is untenable and prejudicial to the best interest of the United States of America and her citizenry. The individual that should lead this great nation should have a sound body and mind at his disposal to best serve his country and his fellowmen. Anything less is a travesty to Democracy and Good Governance. References: Common Drugs Used During Labor and Their Side Effects. Retrieved May 22, 2010, from World wide web: http://natural-childbirth. net/tag/effects-of-drugs-on-baby/ Emerson, W. (1993). Treating birth trauma during infancy: Dynamic outcomes. CA: Emerson Training Seminars. Emerson, W. (1996). Treating birth trauma during infancy: Cord trauma. [Video-tape]. CA: Emerson Training Seminars English, J. (1985). Different doorway. Adventures of a cesarean born. CA: Earth Heart Press. Grof, S. (1998). Realms of the human unconscious. New York: Viking Press.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Women in the Workplace Essay -- Female Workforce Job Essays

In many cultures throughout the world women are patronized and viewed as the weaker sex. Women are commonly perceived as being unfit for any forms of higher education and because of societal pressure and expectations retreat to a life of raising children and cooking meals for their husbands. Our society’s stereotypical views about women’s suffrage, educational expectations and athletic abilities have all advanced over the years. In many aspects of our society, women are now expected to compete with their male counterparts. Currently, it is not uncommon to hear of a women CEO or Vice President in businesses or even a women politician. Women have now emerged from laundry rooms and kitchens across the country and changed the demographics of the American workforce. However women are yet to take the medical workplace by storm and redefine the preconceived notions society upholds about leaders in medical professions. To illustrate this idea I conducted an ethnographic study of a local dental office that I am employed at. I believe that the medical field has hardly been affected by the advances in women’s rights and is a common ground for the influences of gender stereotypes that have been outdated for many years in American culture. Going to the doctor can be a frightening experience for many people. Choosing a doctor is a difficult process that can result in a poor experience at the appointment or worse in some cases. First impressions play a large role in a patients response to the practice overall. â€Å"Great Smiles† focuses on this concept and shapes their office procedures to make all first visits a positive experience. This office is located on a busy main road in an upper class suburban area of Michigan. The buildin... ...orld and are no longer seen as the â€Å"weaker sex†. The inclining percent of women becoming doctors could be a large movement to a completely blended population of doctors to chose from. Women are learning that to avoid the control men can enforce on women in the medical workplace they need to strive for success in their profession. Many women may be happy assisting a male doctor but the growing number of female doctors illustrates the point that women want the power and control that their male counterparts currently maintain. Works Cited Jennifer. â€Å"Gender Relations and Alcohol: An Examination of The Cocktail Waitress: Women’s work in a Man’s World.†. December 9th, 2001. www.geocities.com/wellesley/6265/papers/gender/cocktailwaitress.html

Thursday, October 24, 2019

High School vs. University

Every September, high school graduates must prepare for the drastic transformation from high school to university. High school is a teaching environment which a student acquires facts and skills. University is a learning environment in which a student must take responsibility for thinking and applying what you have learned. This step in life students will either adjust to or struggle with. High school students are told university life is exciting, unpredictable, and entertaining.Also, students are informed university life is costly, demanding, and stressful. In order to adapt to the transition, students must understand and recognize the different teaching styles, testing, and grading. Teaching styles change as class sizes vary. Teachers in High school cover course material in depth and over a long period of time. Professors cover textbook material quickly. High school teachers check homework, remind students of incomplete work, and approach students if assistance is needed.Professors do not check completed homework and will assume students can complete the same tasks on tests. It is left up to the student to communicate with their professors in order to receive extensions ensuring the student will not be penalized. Professors do not approach students or notice students who are struggling. Therefore, students may approach professor in given office hours for one-on-one help. Finally, in university due to large class sizes and minimal lecture time keeping up with assignments and readings is critical.Cramming the night before a test and receiving a good grade is more likely to occur in high school, where testing in subjects is very frequent. Preparation for testing becomes more crucial in university because tests are infrequent, covering large amounts of material. Also, students in high school may be awarded a make up test normally without an explanation. Whereas in university, in order to receive a make up test a reasonable explanation must be given.Review classes are given in high school to help prepare students and give them a clear idea of the material that will be tested. Rarely, are review sessions provided for university students, if they are, professors expect participation from students who attend. Success on tests can be mastered by applying acquired knowledge to new situations or to solve new problems. The grading system becomes very important as students enter university. High school students are used to courses that are usually structured to a â€Å"good-faith effort†.In high school grades are given for most assignments. Students are also given grades for consistently good homework, which may help boost marks when test grades are low. Students who may not have a good overall mark occasionally have the opportunity to complete extra credit projects. Comparing this to university grades on tests and major papers usually provide most of the course grade. Extra credit projects are not normally allowed to raise a grade in a unive rsity course.Therefore, the â€Å"good-faith effort† is important in regard to the professor’s willingness to help students achieve good results; it will not substitute for results in the grading process. Adjustment is required for a high school graduate to be successful in university. Before entering university, high school students must be aware of these differences. Therefore, they must know how to adapt to new teaching styles, to successfully prepare themselves for testing, and the changes in grading systems. Recognizing these differences before entering a university can help prepare students for greater success.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Beginning The Audit Report Essay

Thank you for choosing Team D Auditing for your audit needs. This letter is to inform you on how we plan to begin the audit process for your company. We will be performing an audit on the financial statements for Apollo Shoes for the year ended December 31, 2007 in order to provide reasonable assurance that the statements are presented fairly and are presented in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) (Arens, Elder, & Beasley, 2012). We will begin the audit by reviewing the statements as well as your organizational charts and the prior five years of federal income tax returns. After careful review of all documentation, we will review risks so that we can identify any potential risks and can draft the audit plan (Arens et al., 2012). We will then ask to meet with management to determine the scope of the audit and answer any questions that management may have. After the meeting, we will finalize the audit plan and begin our fieldwork. Our field time will be spent speaking with staff members and management, reviewing documentation such as policy and procedure manuals, learning about the business, and performing tests. We will be testing internal controls, ensuring the business is in compliance with applicable financial regulations, and testing the materiality of the financial statements (Arens et al., 2012). We will be holding scheduled meetings with staff and management and hope that we will have full cooperation. We will try to interrupt the business as little as possible. Our fee schedule will be based upon the total time spent on each stage of the audit and we will be submitting invoices along the way. Our preliminary estimation of cost is $200,000 and we will notify you immediately of any changes that could exceed that estimation. Our formal engagement letter,  preliminary engagement checklist, and preliminary time frame estimate with audit milestones are included in the appendices for your review. References American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. (2014). General Audit Engagement Checklist. Retrieved from http://www.aicpa.org/interestareas/peerreview/resources/peerreviewprogrammanual/2013/downloadabledocuments/20400-gen-audit-check-interimguidance.pdf Arens, A. A., Elder, R. J., & Beasley, M. S. (2012). Auditing and assurance services: An integrated approach (14th ed.). New York, NY: Perason/Prentice Hall. Becker Professional Education/CPA Review (2014) Audit Reports; Devry/Becker Educational Development Corp. Boynton, W. C. (2006). Modern Auditing (8th ed.). Danvers, MA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Louwers, T. R. (2007). Apollo Shoes, InC. Auditing and Assurance Services. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. (2014). Auditing Standard No. 16. Retrieved from http://pcaobus.org/Standards/Auditing/Pages/Auditing_Standard_16_Appendix_C.aspx Raspante, J. F. & Vono, S. (2014). Engagement letters for the individual tax practitioner. Journal of Accountan cy, retrieved from: http://www.journalofaccountancy.com/Issues/2014/Jan/20137591.htm This letter is to confirm the agreement and to discuss the objectives for the  audit of Apollo Shoes, Inc. financial statements for the year ending December 31, 2007. We will be auditing the balance sheet, income statement, statement of retained earnings and cash flow. The financial statements and the effectiveness of the internal control is responsibility of management (Becker CPA Review, 2014). I want to clarify that we have to have an understanding of the company and the internal control in order to provide an opinion. Although an audit should provide reasonable assurance about that the financial statement are free of material misstatement we cannot provide absolutely assurance due to inherent limitation in the internal control (Becker CPA Review, 2014). We request that the company can provide us with adequate evidence necessary to perform the audit. It is critical that we have access to information and files including the minutes, besides to be able to inquire personnel and the observation of procedures as necessary. We have the responsibility that if a material weakness and or a significant deficiency are discovered in the performance of the audit, it should be communicated to the audit committee in writing (PCAOB, 2014). The management is also responsible to adjust the financial statements to correct material misstatements found during the audit; if the correction are not done because they are immaterial, it should be stated as part of the representation letter were management is confirming their responsibilities during the audit (PCAOB, 2014). Our out of pocket expenses and fees are estimating in $200,000, which covers the hours spent during the audit. If anything may affect this estimate we will let you know. Our fees are due when we complete the audit (Raspante & Vono, 2014). We are very enthusiastic to be your new auditors and we hope to fulfill your expectations. If you agree with this agreement, please sign in the space provided; keep a copy for your records and return us the original signed. If you have any further questions, please do not hesitate to contact me. October 29, 2007: Received accounting procedures manual from Karina Ramirez for fieldwork (Louwers, 2007, p. 32). January 7, 2007: Prepare working papers for Board Minutes of important events and transactions during the past year. Make notes in the audit working papers of matters relevant for the auditor for the 2007 financial statements. Use the reference ‘GA-3’ with the following headings and information in a table format: Information Relevant to 2007 and Audit Auction Recommended (Louwers, 2007, p. 36). January 3, 2008: selection by audit committee of Anderson, Olds, & Watershed as auditors ratified (Louwers, 2007, p. 39). January 3, 2008: $750,000 fee was approved for the 2007 audit (p. 36); January 8, 2008: Received Apollo’s 2007 year-end trial balance, along with 2006 audited trial balance (p. 40). January 8, 2008: Create 3 spreadsheets for a 2 year comparative balance sheet, income statements, and statement of cash flows (p. 40). January 9, 2008: Perform pr eliminary analytical procedures on the financial statements. This includes calculating common-size financial  statements and dollar amount, and percent changes—use recent spreadsheet created for comparative statements; calculate financial ratios with common stock at $24 million in current and prior periods; Compare Apollo’s numbers with closest competitors, such as Nike and Rebook at EDGAR for industry averages; write a brief memo highlighting potential problem areas with calculations (p. 43). January 9, 2008: Write a brief memo (GA-4) highlighting what you believe are potential problem areas. Include calculations to support (GA-4-1, GA-4-2, etc. (p. 43). January 9, 2008: Prepair a memo (GA-5) addressing materiality for Apollo Shoes. The workpaper documents must be following GAAP. Address the following: 1. Briefly describe indepdendent auditors concept of materiality; 2. Describe some commone relationships and other considerations used by auditors when assessing the dollar amount considered matieral. What are some common measures of materiality with respect to income, sales, and toal assets? 3. Based on professional judgement, determine an amount you consider to be a minimum material misstatement for Apollo Shoes and justify your recommendation in your memo (p. 45). January 10, 2008: Write a memo (GA-6) addressing the potential for fraud for Apollo shoes. This should include SAS 99 fraud guidance addressing the following: 1. Have you noticed any ‘red flags’ in either the minutes or analytical procedures so far? 2. Address fraud risk in general terms: types of risk (improper revenue recognition), significance of risk, likelihood of risk, pervasiveness or risk centralized to one function of or individual or is it throughout the organization? 3. How might fraud be perpetrated or concealed in the entity; 4. Suggest ways we might alter our audit approach to address the potential for fraud, such as assignment of personnel, predictability of auditing procedures, and examination of journal entries and other adjustments; Continued for memo—what we’ll need to get together with the entire audit team for brainstorming session next week. January 10, 2008: AOW was informed of the Apollo’s mid-year computer installation. How will the computer processing, for the last two quarters’ transaction affect our audit this year? How will we use our new laptops for the Apollo engagement? For example, correspondence, memos, auditing working papers, prepared and maintained on the new laptops (p. 46).

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Shadowlands †The Story Behind One of the Greatest Christian Authors †English Essay

Shadowlands – The Story Behind One of the Greatest Christian Authors – English Essay Free Online Research Papers Shadowlands The Story Behind One of the Greatest Christian Authors English Essay Shadowlands. – C. S. Lewis, the celebrated Oxford professor, fervent Christian and childrens author, meets Gresham, American divorcee, poetess and mother. She comes to England as a fan, seeking out the admired author. He is intrigued by the bright and impetuous American. They become friends and they have a marriage of convenience to satisfy some immigration difficulties for her but then she becomes ill with cancer and Lewis, realizing his love for her, marries her again, this time in a religious ceremony. They enjoy a couple of years of happiness and then she dies. But it is not as simple as this plot. The film describes and leads the viewer to one of the most important of life’s questions. Does our suffering mean anything? The question that everyone asks himself at the worst moments of his existence, when we tend to think that we were the last person that would suffer the misfortune of the death of our loved ones. It is due to our love for other people that we suffer when we are abandoned for one reason or another. Therefore, we should think that it is not only a matter of the pain what we suffer but also the period of happiness we live or have lived. These states of mind, spirit and soul have and will always go together or at least continuous, one after the other; and assuming this irrevocable truth we ought to ask ourselves if we prefer to lament the pain of loss or give thanks that it was you and not your beloved relative or friend who lived the loss of the other. We are here to live, to experience everything: hate and love, illness and health, life and death because if we never encounter the negative sides of the world we would never appreciate as much as we do now its positive face. Research Papers on Shadowlands - The Story Behind One of the Greatest Christian Authors - English EssayMind TravelThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoWhere Wild and West MeetHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayCapital PunishmentPersonal Experience with Teen Pregnancy19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided Era

Monday, October 21, 2019

Small Tent Essay

Small Tent Essay Small Tent Essay Yellow Tent I remember when I was young, probably around 12 years old; my parents would help my two younger brothers and I set up a small tent in our backyard. I remember the excitement of anticipating going outside as a family, preparing for the evening events and working together so we could have fun. As dad and I would start setting up the tent, he become frustrated trying to figure out which poles should be paired together. Once we finally matched up the poles, we would stand up the tent. It was a wonderful tent, bright yellow with two screened windows on each side. One of the windows had a small tear in the netting so mosquitoes became our unwelcomed guests. I tried using gray duct tape to repair the rip, but somehow the mosquitoes still managed to get in. Following the tent set up, my brothers and I would drag our sleeping bags and pillows outside and assemble our beds in the tent. We always argued about who would sleep in the middle. However, since I was the oldest, I usually won the prime spot. It seemed to take forever for darkness to fall. We would impatiently watch the yellow and orange colors of the sun blend together. As they dropped slowly down into the horizon, It seemed to sit on the tips of the trees for hours, before dropping from sight. When the sun was just skimming the ground and it was beginning to look like dusk outside, my brothers and I were ready to start our night. Our parents would assemble a campfire and let us roast marshmallows and make s’ mores. The family would circle the campfire for story time. My dad would always tell the scary stories and my mom would entertain with the funny ones. My brothers told stories that I considered to be senseless. I thought they either made everything up, or were repeating something they had seen on TV. My stories were always connected to cheerleading. To be an awesome cheerleader was a lifelong dream of mine. I would tell my parents how I imagined that I was in high school, being tossed in to the air while and the crowd yelled for me. I wanted to have lots of girlfriends and hang out with them as a team. I dreamed of having fun at all the games, cheering on the football players. As the night progressed, my brothers and I would make our way into the yellow tent and snuggle into our sleeping bags. Our parents would give us a flashlight so we could see in the dark. After my parents would leave us to inside to bed, go inside to go to bed we would take turns reading books to each other. When it would be my brothers’ turn to read a short story, they would always pick the easiest ones like â€Å"Red fish, blue fish, one fish, two fish†, and I would still have to help them. I would pick a scary story to read to them, because I found it funny how they would react. While reading the story one of them would whisper, â€Å"Did you hear that?† as if they heard a bear in our backyard coming to eat them. This was the only time that my brothers and I would get al ong and not fight or argue. I can remember it being so quiet and peaceful, just the noise of crickets coming from the outside world and the shining of the porch light into one of the net windows from our little yellow tent. Once we would be done reading to each other and we were getting tired, Of course one of them would say they had to use the bathroom. And me being the oldest sister I would volunteer to walk them into the house, so nothing would jump out and scare them. While in the house waiting for them to finish using the bathroom, I would wait for them in my room, sitting on my bed. Eventually, I would get tired and end up falling asleep. So needless to say we never did make it through a whole night in that yellow tent. Now that I have grown up and have children of my own, I have passed down this same tradition to them. The only difference is, they don’t have a yellow tent. They share their time in a playhouse, but they go through the same things that my brothers and I went through. They argue about who is

Sunday, October 20, 2019

Top 10 Confused Words in English [I-L]

Top 10 Confused Words in English [I-L] Top 10 Confused Words in English [I-L] Top 10 Confused Words in English [I-L] By Maeve Maddox Seven of these ten commonly confused word pairs beginning with the letters I-L are frequent enough to have earned one or more full posts at Daily Writing Tips. You’ll find links at the end of each item. 1. illicit / elicit Illicit is an adjective meaning, â€Å"not allowed by law or social conventions.† Elicit is a verb meaning, â€Å"to draw out a reply or reaction.† 2. imply / infer Increasing numbers of speakers ignore the distinction between these words, but it remains a useful one. Imply is â€Å"to suggest indirectly.† Infer is â€Å"to draw a conclusion.† Related posts: Confused Words #6: Imply vs. Infer Imply and Infer 3. it’s / its Despite the hundreds, perhaps thousands of explanations to be found on the Web regarding the difference between these two spellings, the mistake of writing it’s for its remains the most common written error of them all. It’s is the contracted form of the words it and is. Its is the possessive adjective that corresponds to his and their: Max has dyed his hair red. The children have passed their exams. The cat has paint on its tail. Related posts: It’s or Its? The Truth About â€Å"It’s† 4. jibe / jive The most common error with this pair is to use jive, a word that derives from musical terminology, in a context that calls for jibe, a word that means, â€Å"to agree with.† Here are two correct uses of the word jibe: His interpretation of the law doesn’t jibe with mine. Your explanation does not jibe with the facts. Related posts: Gibe, Gybe, Jibe, and Jive 5. loath / loathe Loath (pronounced with an unvoiced th like the one in thin) is an adjective originally meaning hostile, angry, or spiteful. In modern usage it means averse, disinclined, reluctant, or unwilling, as in this New York Times headline:† Inquiry Goes To Committee That May Be Loath to Act.† A variant spelling is loth. Loathe (pronounced with a voiced th like the one in this) is a verb meaning â€Å"to feel strong aversion for† as in the title of a TED topic: â€Å"Why Do So Many People Loathe Their Jobs?† Note: TED is a nonprofit organization that sponsors and broadcasts lectures on various social issues. The name is an acronym formed from the words Technology, Entertainment, and Design. Related posts: Verb Mistakes #5: Loathe â€Å"Loath† and â€Å"Loathe† 6. loose / lose Loose can function as a verb meaning â€Å"to free† or â€Å"to release,† but its most common use is as an adjective to mean, â€Å"not tight.† Lose is a verb that has various connotations of loss. For example, a person may lose his way in the woods. The past tense of lose is lost. Related posts: Confused Words #3: Lose, Loose, Loss Loose or Lose? 7. latter / ladder As a noun, latter means â€Å"the person or thing mentioned second of two.† A ladder is an appliance of wood or other material, consisting of a series of bars/rungs/steps/ fixed between two supports. Speakers who do not distinguish clearly between the sounds of t and d may misspell latter as ladder, as in these examples: INCORRECT: There are two modes to constructed play: Casual, and Ranked. Some people choose the former, some people choose the ladder.- Gaming site. CORRECT : There are two modes to constructed play: Casual, and Ranked. Some people choose the former, some people choose the latter. INCORRECT: Many police officers know that much of their job is to collect revenue. It’s now apparent, that when given the option to conduct extortion or not, they will choose the ladder.- A talk radio website. CORRECT : Many police officers know that much of their job is to collect revenue. It’s now apparent, that when given the option to conduct extortion or not, they will choose the latter. Related post: â€Å"Latter,† not â€Å"Ladder† 8. lightening / lightning The word lightening comes from the verb to lighten, â€Å"to make lighter.† An artist can lighten a color. A kindly neighbor can lighten someone’s loneliness. A driver can lighten a load. Dark hair may be lightened by the sun. Lightning is â€Å"the visible discharge of electricity between one group of clouds and another, or between the clouds and the ground.† 9. libel / slander Libel functions as a noun and as a verb. The noun is usually used to mean â€Å"a  published statement damaging to the reputation of a person.† The verb means, â€Å"to defame or discredit by the circulation of libelous statements.† As a noun, slander denotes â€Å"the utterance or dissemination of false statements or reports concerning a person in order to defame or injure that person.† As a verb, slander is â€Å"to spread slanderous reports about.† The legal difference between the two is that libel is written and slander is spoken or conveyed in some other non-written manner. Another error with libel is that the noun (libel) is sometimes used incorrectly in place of the adjective liable, as in this example from a Canadian government site: INCORRECT: The landlord testifies that the tenant became libel for the rent from December 01, 2008 and that he allowed her to move in on November 19, 2008 until December 01 without payment of rent. CORRECT : The landlord testifies that the tenant became liable for the rent from December 01, 2008 and that he allowed her to move in on November 19, 2008 until December 01 without payment of rent. Liable is an adjective that means, â€Å"bound or obliged by law or in accordance with a rule or convention.† Related post: Is it Libel, or is it Slander? 10. lay / lie Some would argue that insisting on the distinction between the verbs lay (to put or to place) and lie (to recline) is beating a dead horse. I continue to insist on the difference because I believe that speakers who are bright enough to want to master a standard form of English are bright enough to learn the difference between these two verbs. Tell your children to lay their homework on the table. Tell your dog he may lie under it. Lay is transitive (has an object). Lie is intransitive (has no object). Related posts: Verb Mistakes #9: Past Tense forms of Lay and Lie Lay vs. Lie: What’s So Hard? Mixing up â€Å"lay† and â€Å"lie† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:The Royal Order of Adjectives "Certified" and "Certificated"Personification vs. Anthropomorphism